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Levi Colbert
(詳細はchief of the Chickasaw in the American Southeast. Colbert was called ''Itte-wamba Mingo'', meaning ''bench chief''. He and his brother George Colbert were prominent interpreters and negotiators with President Andrew Jackson's appointed negotiators related to Indian Removal; the United States wanted the people to cede its traditional lands and move west of the Mississippi River to extinguish its claims in the Southeast. The US Government Indian Agent with whom Chief Levi Colbert (Itawamba) had the most dealings was John Dabney Terrell, Sr. of Marion County, Alabama.〔John Mitchell Allman III, ''The Heritage of Lamar County, Alabama''. In a written report communicated to the US Senate on January 15, 1827, which report was dated November 2, 1926 and where it mentions the failed Choctaw negotiations in that month, as well as the Chickasaw negotiations in the previous month, it is written: "The special agent, Colonel John D. Terrell, seems to have been active and zealous in communicating with the chiefs and leading men of the nation, endeavoring to prepare their minds for a cession of their lands. But it seems to have no other effect than to prepare them for an organized opposition to the views of the Government, through the influence before observed..." The report was signed by General Thomas Hinds and General John Coffee.〕
==Early life and education==
One of six sons of James Logan Colbert (1721 - 1784), a North Carolinian settler of Scots descent, and his second wife Sopha ''Minta Hoye'', a Chickasaw, Levi Colbert was born in Muscle Shoals, Alabama. He and his mixed-race siblings grew up bilingual and were educated in both Chickasaw and European-American traditions.〔("Levi Colbert" ), ''Oklahoma Encyclopedia of History and Culture'', accessed 3 Nov 2009〕 According to the entry in the Chickasaw Hall of Fame, he was born in the Chickasaw Nation, in what is now Alabama, in 1759. He and his siblings grew up bilingual, educated in both Chickasaw and European-American traditions. When Levi Colbert assumed the title of head chief of the Chickasaw Nation, he was living at that time on the bluff west of the Chickasaw Indian trading post known as Cotton Gin Port, established near the old cotton gin and where there was a large spreading oak known as the council tree.〔Dr. W.A. Evans, ''Aberdeen Examiner July 2, 1932'' (taken from ''The Heritage of Lamar County, Alabama'', by John Mitchell Allman III)〕
As the Chickasaw had a matrilineal kinship system of descent and inheritance, children were considered to belong to the mother's clan. They gained their status through her, and hereditary leadership for males was passed through the maternal line.
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